⏹️ Built-in Functions, Keywords and Math Module:

🏗️ Built-in Functions in Python

Python provides many built-in functions that can be used to perform operations on data types. Some common ones include:

• len() - Returns the length of an object (e.g., string, list)
• max() - Returns the largest item in an iterable or the largest of two or more arguments
• min() - Returns the smallest item in an iterable or the smallest of two or more arguments
• sum() - Returns the sum of all items in an iterable
• sorted() - Returns a new sorted list from the items in an iterable
• round() - Returns the round figured value of a number
• abs() - Returns the absolute value of a number
• pow() - Returns the value of a number raised to the power of another number

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print("Length:", len(numbers))     # Output: 5
print("Max:", max(numbers))        # Output: 5
print("Min:", min(numbers))        # Output: 1
print("Sum:", sum(numbers))        # Output: 15
print("Sorted:", sorted(numbers))  # Output: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print("Round:", round(3.14159, 2)) # Output: 3.14
print("Absolute:", abs(-10))       # Output: 10
print("Power:", pow(2, 3))         # Output: 8

🗝️ Helpful Keywords in Python

Python has several keywords that are reserved for specific purposes. Here are some of the most commonly used keywords:

• None: It is a special constant representing the absence of a value or a null value. It is an object of its own data type, NoneType. None is not the same as 0, False, or an empty string; it specifically indicates that a variable or object does not have an assigned value.

• pass: It is a null operation; when it is executed, nothing happens. It is used as a placeholder where a statement is syntactically required, but no code needs to be executed.

• in: It checks if a value is present in a sequence (e.g., list, string).

• not in: It checks if a value is not present in a sequence (e.g., list, string).

• is: It checks if two variables point to the same object in memory.

• is not: It checks if two variables do not point to the same object in memory.

📐 Math module

It provides access to mathematical functions like sqrt(), sin(), cos(), etc.

import math
 
print("Square root:", math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0
print("Sine:", math.sin(math.pi / 2))  # Output: 1.0
print("Cosine:", math.cos(0))          # Output: 1.0
print("Tangent:", math.tan(math.pi / 4))  # Output: 1.0
print("Factorial:", math.factorial(5))  # Output: 120
print("Pi:", math.pi)  # Output: 3.141592653589793